What is the preferred method of sterilization for heat-sensitive materials?

The preferred method of sterilization for heat-sensitive materials is ethylene oxide gas sterilization. This method is particularly effective because it uses a gaseous form of the sterilant, which can penetrate packaging and various materials without causing damage that would typically occur with heat or moisture. Ethylene oxide operates at low temperatures, making it suitable for items that might be adversely affected by higher temperatures or steam, such as certain plastics, delicate instruments, and electronic equipment.

The process involves placing the items in a sealed chamber where the ethylene oxide gas is introduced. The gas is then absorbed by the materials, effectively killing bacteria, viruses, and fungal spores without altering their physical properties. Following the sterilization cycle, items must undergo aeration to remove any residual gas, ensuring safety for handling.

Using autoclaving would not be suitable in this case, as it requires high temperatures and steam, which could damage heat-sensitive materials. Filtration is a method that is typically used to sterilize liquids or air rather than solid objects, while dry heat sterilization also involves higher temperatures which could be harmful to sensitive materials. So, ethylene oxide gas sterilization stands out as the ideal choice for protecting fragile items while ensuring their sterility.